Which enzyme family is responsible for normal enzymatic remodeling of the epidermal laminae and implicated in laminitis?

• A. Kinases
• B. Matrix metalloproteinases
• C. Lipases
• D. Amylases

Answer: (B)

Matrix metalloproteinases are zinc-dependent enzymes that mediate normal extracellular matrix remodeling by cleaving structural components such as collagen and laminin in the epidermal laminae. This controlled turnover allows the laminae to adapt to growth and mechanical stress, preserving the attachment between the hoof wall and the distal phalanx. In laminitis, inflammatory and metabolic signals can increase MMP activity or reduce their inhibition, tipping the balance toward excessive ECM degradation. The resulting breakdown weakens the laminar attachments and contributes to the detachment and sinking characteristic of the disease. Other enzyme families listed do not primarily drive this structural remodeling of the epidermal laminae.